Freiburg - Green City (en), konsultacje społ. budżet obywatelski
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www.freiburg.de/greencity
IM BREISGAU
Welcome
E
F
ficient climate protection and environmental policy
is founded on many pillars: an energy policy based on
renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and hydro-
power, or biomass – an attractive range of bus and rail
services, heat insulation programs and low-energy and
zero-energy standards for domestic housing being just
a few examples.
reiburg not only ranks high in Germany with regard to
the utilization and funding of alternative energy sources
and the expansion of local public transport and bicycle
infrastructure. The city is also a front runner in job creation,
economic growth and the number of overnight stays, which
in 2010 was just under 1.3 million.
Focusing early on environmental sustainability, photo-
voltaics and biotechnologies has given the city a decisive
edge in an international competitive environment. Today,
about 12,000 people are employed in the environmental
and solar industries alone. Freiburg is the host city and
organizer of numerous international industrial trade fairs
and conferences, especially Intersolar, held in Munich,
San Francisco, Beijing and Mumbai, Local Renewables,
the Solar Summits and the Gebäude – Energie – Technik
(GETEC) / Buildings – Energy – Technology fair.
The ‘Green City’ label represents a combination of many
ideas, each of which complement each other to form a
consistent, uniied municipal environmental and climate
protection policy. In a Green City, science and industry work
hand in hand to achieve technical innovations, quality
growth and strong, long-term employment. Management
of the environment has long been a key factor in the
economy.
In Freiburg, this policy is supported by the citizens.
Their commitment to climate, water and soil protection
underpins the sustainability of the city’s urban development.
Apart from science and technology, municipal policy and
responsible citizenship, factors such as culture, climate,
landscape coupled with lifestyle and quality of life, complete
the proile of the Green City and make it a magnet for
creative minds, investors and tourists from all over the
world. In Freiburg, sustainability and a vibrant economy,
future viability, scientiic excellence and a life-afirming
attitude all point towards the same goal.
As a Green City, Freiburg has become a model and example
for cities and communities across the globe. This recognition
honors and also motivates us to develop new ideas and
work towards the achievement of our goals.
Dr. Dieter Salomon
Mayor of the
City of Freiburg
Dr. Bernd Dallmann
Chief Executive
Freiburg Wirtschaft Touristik und Messe GmbH & Co. KG
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Sustainable Economy
4-11
Sustainable Mobility
12-13
The City‘s Resource Capital: Nature
14-17
Sustainable Urban Development
18-19
Going for
GrEEn
Citizen Commitment
20-21
Climate protection and
environmental policy in Freiburg
Freiburg can with some justice call itself one of the birth
places of the environmental protection movement.
the successful campaign against the proposed nuclear
power station in nearby Whyl over thirty years ago
became one of the founding legends of the Green
Alternative Movement. this turned Freiburg into a
rallying point for students, anti-nuclear activists and
advocates of a new social order who together forged a
colorful alliance with those citizens of Freiburg who
espoused conservation values and ethics. the legacy
of this is the social climate and municipal policy of the
Freiburg of today. initially, there were only individual
visionaries and excentrics, small groups and associations
searching for alternatives to atomic energy.
However, as early as 1986, the year of the Chernobyl
disaster, the city council publicly advocated the
abolition atomic energy and solar power as the new
principal source of energy. this was also the year in
which Freiburg became one of the irst cities in
Germany to establish an Environmental Protection
Ofice.
Freiburg is one of the greenest cities in Germany, but
not just because of its policies and politics. no other
city of comparable size has more woodland and
vineyards and such a diversity of landscapes, which
range from the wild eminences of the black Forest
down to the alluvial woodland by the River Rhine.
Given its rural setting and civic style, Freiburg
unites all the positive connotations of green – a
not inconsiderable factor in its appeal. Even in the
19th century, visitors to Freiburg were captivated by a
sense of being “on the high road to italy” and
experiencing the “irst sensations of the south” – all
thanks to the baden region’s mild, sun-kissed climate,
the relaxed way of life of the city’s residents and not
least to the delights of the local cuisine and cellarage.
Prizes and awards
in 1992, Freiburg was chosen as Germany’s
Environ-
ment Capital
for its pioneering achievements such as
the installation of an early warning system for smog
and ozone pollution, pesticide bans, and returnable
packaging measures, for its trafic and transport policy
and perhaps even for its engaging feel-good image.
Almost every year since then, even more innovations
in the ield of environmental protection and solar
engineering have been produced which, in turn, have
been honored with yet more awards - the European
Public transport Award, the German Solar Prize,
federal prizes for sustainability in urban development
and top place in the ‘Sustainable Community’
competition organized by Deutsche umwelthilfe
(German Environmental Aid Association).
in 2010, Freiburg was named
Federal Capital for
Climate Protection
. the city had fought off 72 other
municipalities to win the eponymous competition
and was honored for its comprehensive CO2 reduction
strategy. in the same year, Freiburg was crowned
The
European City of the Year
. the british Academy
of urbanism conferred this prestigious award for
exemplary town planning and design. indeed, four
Freiburg citizens have so far received the renowned
German Environment Award: Georg Salvamoser,
founder of Solar-Fabrik, the environmental and
hygiene physician Franz Daschner, Joachim luther,
Director of the Fraunhofer institute for Solar Energy
Systems (iSE), and Rainer Grießhammer, co-Chief
Executive of the Eco institute. the Freiburg architect
Rolf Disch was honored with the European Environ-
ment Award for this solar-architectural concepts and
projects.
Claim and challenge
Freiburg should not, nor does it want to, rest on its
laurels, content with being a charming, engaging
“feel good city” where the local second-division
football club attracts more attention for the solar
panels installed on its stadium roof than for goals
and wins. today, the city is also seen as a model
combination of “soft” ecology and “hard” economy.
Environment policy, solar engineering, sustainability
and climate protection concepts have become
the mainstays of economic, political and urban
development. And more important than the awards
and backslapping from around the world is the fact
that Freiburg’s citizens do in fact identify to a major
degree with the city’s policies.
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Sustainable
EConoMy
Green markets:
Environmental industry and research
the Club of Rome is not alone in prophesying, “the
markets of the future are green”. the renewable
energy sector delivers the engineering and expertise
needed for a speedy abandonment of atomic energy
and the associated switch to other energy sources. in
the next ten years in Germany alone, the sector will
invest a total of 235 billion Euro in systems for the
generation of electricity, heat and fuels from renew-
able energies.
Forestry Experimentation and Research institute or
the research work on climatology, sustainable forestry
and environmental medicine conducted at the Albert
ludwig university.
in the ield of environmental education alone, 700
new jobs have been created, including a university
chair of environmental economics. under the
auspices of the Solar university, which since 2007
has enjoyed the status of Elite university, an inter-
disciplinary Center for Renewable Energies (CEE) and
the international Renewable Energy Management
(M.Sc.) master’s degree course have been established.
the new demonstration center, i.e. the Green therm
Cool Center of the Chamber of Skilled Crafts and its
partners in industry and elsewhere in the region
deliver innovative and modern technologies
supporting both the theory and practice of an up-and-
coming ield, solar thermal cooling.
Environment as an economic factor
in Freiburg, environment management and science
play a disproportionately large role in addition to
medicine and biotechnology. With nearly 12,000
employees (i.e. almost 3% of all people in employ-
ment), in 2,000 business entities, this sector injects
some 650 million Euro into the value-added chain,
adding much to the positive image of the region.
in the solar sector alone, the level of employment
(currently over 2,000 and approx. 100 business
entities) is three to four times the national average,
according to a 2009 potential study.
industry sectors such as classic plant and machinery
construction are also beneiting from the continued
upsurge in the solar economy – as is shown by three
such companies: W+S, machine builder for solar
module manufacturers, tHiEME, a manufacturer of
screen printing machines for the precision printing
of silicon wafers or Somont, the subsidiary set up
jointly by W+S and Knoll Feinmechanik, to produce
string soldering machines. the above is also true for
electrotechnology. in the manufacture of solar and
thin-ilm cells, plasma processes make it possible to
apply and remove material layers only nanometers
thick. HÜttinGER Elektronik generators deliver the
necessary performance power for the manufacturing
process.
Centers of private and state research studying
renewable energies, such as the Fraunhofer institute
for Solar Energy Systems, act as centers of gravity
surrounded by hundreds of spin-off companies,
service providers and organizations. the following
are examples of the diversity among them - Solar-
Fabrik, the Regio Freiburg Energy Agency, consultancies
and solar architects, a zero-emission hotel and the
Future Workshop run by the Chamber of Skilled
Crafts. Also farmers, foresters, organic vintners and
growers beneit from the scientiic work performed
by such bodies as the Viticulture institute, the
www.greencity-cluster.de
www.ise.fraunhofer.de
www.solar-fabrik.com
www.energieagentur-regio-freiburg.de
www.hwk-freiburg.de
www.green-therm-cool-center.de
www.wbi-freiburg.de
www.fva-bw.de
www.uni-freiburg.de
www.zee-uni-freiburg.de
www.solar.uni-freiburg.de
www.somont.com
www.rena.com
www.huettinger-electronics.com
Germany‘s irst energy self-sustaining solar building
The Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems
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The Heliotrope – a rotating
solar ‘tree-house‘ which
follows the movement of
the sun
The Solar Factory
Sun as an Economic Factor
Solar Competence
As a result, more and more new value-added chains
have been and continue to be created, ranging from
basic research to technology transfer and worldwide
marketing. the environment and the economy are
not antagonists here. On the contrary, the environ-
mental industry is the leading business sector in
both town and region.
in terms of both economy and ecology, Freiburg has
been most successful in the ields of research into
and the marketing of renewable energies. A mere
glance at the cityscape conirms this. Solar panels
abound everywhere – on the badenova Stadium and
City Hall, on the roofs of schools, churches and
private houses, on frontages and towers and,
amazingly, even on the prison. Wind turbines rear up
from the black Forest hills. With more than 1,800
hours of sunshine per year and an annual radiation
intensity of 1,117 kilowatts (kW) per square meter,
Freiburg is one of the sunniest cities in Germany.
Cluster
under the cluster initiative, the FWtM, supported
by the European union and the state of baden-
Württemberg, creates cross-sector links between
companies and institutions in the environmental
and solar energy ields. through its activities, the
cluster acts as a platform for collaborations in the
research and development of innovative products
and assists in positioning the region’s products and
services in the markets of the future. Early in 2011, the
network already had some 100 members, with more
to come. the main areas of activity of the companies
cover energy-eficient planning and construction, the
utilization of solar energy and other renewable
energies, environmental engineering and sustainable
mobility. the portal www.greencity-cluster.de, which
contains details of all the member companies and
institutions in the region, acts as a central tool for this.
Favorable conditions
All this is not due solely to the city’s favored location.
this, combined with factors such as the high level
of environmental awareness of the residents, the
city’s political priorities and a deliberate policy of
stimulating the economy, are the principal reasons
behind Freiburg’s status as Solar Capital. Here, the
opportunities offered by solar energy in terms of
climate protection, the economy and urban develop-
ment were recognized earlier than anywhere else.
Freiburg’s pioneering and model projects have been
rewarded with prizes and high visitor numbers to
such groundbreaking constructions as the world’s
irst energy self-sustaining solar building, the Helio-
trope, the solar village created by the solar architect
Rolf Disch, or the zero-energy houses of the Vauban
neighborhood – and the world’s irst football
stadium with its own solar plant.
Solar power plant on the roof
of the Badenova Stadium
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GREEN
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